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Endemic Plants of the Azores: 94-Species Guide

A detailed illustrated guide to 94 endemic or native plants of the Azores, with identification, habitat and conservation notes.

By Marcos Gonçalves, Owner & Manager · Published 29 August 2026 · Updated 4 September 2026

Illustration of a single Azorean holly (Ilex perado subsp. azorica) for the Azores species directory

Quick answer

A detailed illustrated guide to 94 endemic or native plants of the Azores, with identification, habitat and conservation notes.

Endemic plants of the Azores

This research-led directory presents the complete set of strictly Azores-endemic vascular plant taxa in the cited 2026 assessment, with habitat and Pico context.

Accepted species and subspecies are kept distinct, including rare and historically documented taxa.

Endemic plants of the Azores

Complete 94-taxon directory from the cited 2026 assessment; species and subspecies remain separate records.

These visitor bands describe encounter likelihood, not global conservation status or a sighting guarantee. Island, season, habitat, depth, weather and luck all matter.

Common or more likely encounters in the Azores10

Endemic subspecies (1)

Illustration of a single Azorean holly (Ilex perado subsp. azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean hollyScientific name: Ilex perado subsp. azoricaAzorean reference: Azevinho
Habitat: Humid laurel forest and montane cloud forest.
A defining evergreen of Pico's wet cloud-forest interior.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz · CC BY 4.0

Full endemic species (9)

Illustration of a single Azorean ivy (Hedera azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean ivyScientific name: Hedera azoricaAzorean reference: Hera
Habitat: Humid forest, ravines and shaded rock.
The native ivy threading through humid forest and lava-stone walls.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean juniper (Juniperus brevifolia) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean juniperScientific name: Juniperus brevifoliaAzorean reference: Cedro-do-mato; zimbro
Habitat: Montane cloud forest and high wet scrub.
The Azores' only endemic conifer; historically valued for charcoal, furniture, sacred art and boatbuilding.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean heather (Erica azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean heatherScientific name: Erica azoricaAzorean reference: Urze; vassoura
Habitat: Coastal scrub, lava fields, forest margins and uplands.
A wind-shaped shrub that helps define Pico's native scrub and forest edges.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Suzana Ehlin Martins · CC BY-SA 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean blueberry (Vaccinium cylindraceum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean blueberryScientific name: Vaccinium cylindraceumAzorean reference: Uva-da-serra; uva-do-mato; romania
Habitat: Moist upland scrub and native forest.
An upland shrub whose flowers and dark berries are part of the cloud-forest mosaic.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean spurge (Euphorbia azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean spurgeScientific name: Euphorbia azoricaAzorean reference: Erva-leiteira
Habitat: Rocky coasts, cliffs and maritime scrub.
A salt-tolerant endemic of exposed ocean-facing vegetation.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Stuart Cable · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean St John's-wort (Hypericum foliosum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean St John's-wortScientific name: Hypericum foliosumAzorean reference: Malfurada; milfurada
Habitat: Native scrub, wet forest margins and banks.
A yellow-flowered shrub of native vegetation and damp forest margins.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean laurel (Laurus azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean laurelScientific name: Laurus azoricaAzorean reference: Louro-da-terra; louro-de-cheiro
Habitat: Basal to montane laurel forest.
A canopy tree of the Azorean laurel forest.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Louis Imbeau · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean whitewood (Picconia azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean whitewoodScientific name: Picconia azoricaAzorean reference: Pau-branco
Habitat: Coastal and basal laurel forest.
A pale-wooded evergreen tree of the native island forest.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Louis Imbeau · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean fescue (Festuca petraea) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean fescueScientific name: Festuca petraeaAzorean reference: Bracel-da-rocha
Habitat: Sea cliffs, coastal rocks and exposed slopes.
A fine grass binding rocky ledges and exposed coastal slopes.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Claude Kolwelter · CC BY 4.0

Rare, exceptional, localised or specialist encountersClick to view more84

Full endemic species (66)

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Ammi seubertianum (Ammi seubertianum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Ammi seubertianumScientific name: Ammi seubertianumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic umbellifer; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Ammi trifoliatum (Ammi trifoliatum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Ammi trifoliatumScientific name: Ammi trifoliatumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic umbellifer; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Carminda Santos · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean angelica (Angelica lignescens) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean angelicaScientific name: Angelica lignescensAzorean reference: Angélica
Habitat: Wet uplands, ravines and forest edges.
A tall endemic herb of moist, cool upland habitats.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
J.R. Logan · CC0 1.0

Illustration of a single Azorean chervil (Chaerophyllum azoricum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean chervilScientific name: Chaerophyllum azoricumAzorean reference: —
Habitat: Humid upland slopes, craters and forest openings.
No stable Portuguese vernacular is supplied by the cited visitor guide; this rare plant was reinforced by conservation work at Cova do Caldeirão on Pico.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean sanicle (Sanicula azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean sanicleScientific name: Sanicula azoricaAzorean reference: Erva-do-capitão
Habitat: Shaded native forest and humid ravines.
A small forest-floor herb of cool, humid native woodland.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
William Stephens · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Asplenium azoricum (Asplenium azoricum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Asplenium azoricumScientific name: Asplenium azoricumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic spleenwort fern included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Ixitixel · CC BY-SA 3.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Bellis azorica (Bellis azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Bellis azoricaScientific name: Bellis azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean lettuce (Lactuca watsoniana) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean lettuceScientific name: Lactuca watsonianaAzorean reference: Alfacinha
Habitat: Humid native forest, banks and clearings.
A tall, scarce endemic of humid forest clearings and slopes.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Leontodon filii (Leontodon filii) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Leontodon filiiScientific name: Leontodon filiiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Leontodon hochstetteri (Leontodon hochstetteri) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Leontodon hochstetteriScientific name: Leontodon hochstetteriAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Leontodon rigens (Leontodon rigens) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Leontodon rigensScientific name: Leontodon rigensAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Chuck Wilson · CC0 1.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Pericallis malvifolia (Pericallis malvifolia) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Pericallis malvifoliaScientific name: Pericallis malvifoliaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean goldenrod (Solidago azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean goldenrodScientific name: Solidago azoricaAzorean reference: —
Habitat: Coastal slopes, lava, cliffs and open scrub.
No stable Portuguese vernacular is supplied by the cited visitor guide; it is a yellow-flowered endemic of exposed native vegetation.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Louis Imbeau · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Taraxacum perssonii (Taraxacum perssonii) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Taraxacum perssoniiScientific name: Taraxacum perssoniiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Dick Andersson (S) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Taraxacum pseudolandmarkii (Taraxacum pseudolandmarkii) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Taraxacum pseudolandmarkiiScientific name: Taraxacum pseudolandmarkiiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Skjold Søndergaard · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis azorica (Tolpis azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis azoricaScientific name: Tolpis azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis graciosensis (Tolpis graciosensis) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis graciosensisScientific name: Tolpis graciosensisAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis mariensis (Tolpis mariensis) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis mariensisScientific name: Tolpis mariensisAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis maritima (Tolpis maritima) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis maritimaScientific name: Tolpis maritimaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis maritimocentralis (Tolpis maritimocentralis) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis maritimocentralisScientific name: Tolpis maritimocentralisAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis maritimoccidentalis (Tolpis maritimoccidentalis) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis maritimoccidentalisScientific name: Tolpis maritimoccidentalisAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis micaelensis (Tolpis micaelensis) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis micaelensisScientific name: Tolpis micaelensisAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Tolpis occidentalis (Tolpis occidentalis) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Tolpis occidentalisScientific name: Tolpis occidentalisAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic daisy-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Myosotis azorica (Myosotis azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Myosotis azoricaScientific name: Myosotis azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic forget-me-not included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
BernardM · Public domain

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Myosotis maritima (Myosotis maritima) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Myosotis maritimaScientific name: Myosotis maritimaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic forget-me-not included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Luisa Madruga · Public domain

Illustration of a single Azorean bittercress (Cardamine caldeirarum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean bittercressScientific name: Cardamine caldeirarumAzorean reference: —
Habitat: Wet forest, springs, ravines and volcanic craters.
No stable Portuguese vernacular is supplied by the cited visitor guide; it is a moisture-loving endemic associated with craters and humid native forest.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Malcolm Gould · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores bellflower (Azorina vidalii) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores bellflowerScientific name: Azorina vidaliiAzorean reference: Vidália
Habitat: Coastal cliffs, crevices and steep maritime slopes.
The only species in the Azores-endemic genus Azorina.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean viburnum (Viburnum treleasei) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean viburnumScientific name: Viburnum treleaseiAzorean reference: Folhado
Habitat: Humid laurel and cloud forest.
A glossy-leaved native-forest shrub with pale flower clusters and dark fruit.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: VU — Vulnerable
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Cerastium azoricum (Cerastium azoricum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Cerastium azoricumScientific name: Cerastium azoricumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic pink-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Elizabete Marchante · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Spergularia azorica (Spergularia azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Spergularia azoricaScientific name: Spergularia azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic pink-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: VU — Vulnerable
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Aichryson santamariensis (Aichryson santamariensis) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Aichryson santamariensisScientific name: Aichryson santamariensisAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic stonecrop relative included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: VU — Vulnerable
© Atlantic Heritage Unipessoal Lda

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Carex hochstetteriana (Carex hochstetteriana) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Carex hochstetterianaScientific name: Carex hochstetterianaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic sedge included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Carex leviosa (Carex leviosa) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Carex leviosaScientific name: Carex leviosaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic sedge included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Carex vulcani (Carex vulcani) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Carex vulcaniScientific name: Carex vulcaniAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic sedge included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean scabious (Scabiosa nitens) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean scabiousScientific name: Scabiosa nitensAzorean reference: —
Habitat: Open montane vegetation and native scrub.
No stable Portuguese vernacular is supplied by the cited visitor guide; this protected flowering plant is highlighted in Pico's central landscape.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Dryopteris crispifolia (Dryopteris crispifolia) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Dryopteris crispifoliaScientific name: Dryopteris crispifoliaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic wood fern included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
William Stephens · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean St Dabeoc's heath (Daboecia azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean St Dabeoc's heathScientific name: Daboecia azoricaAzorean reference: Queiró
Habitat: Montane and subalpine heath.
A compact high-mountain heath prominent on Pico above about 1,800 metres.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Euphorbia stygiana (Euphorbia stygiana) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Euphorbia stygianaScientific name: Euphorbia stygianaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic spurge included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Stuart Cable · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus azoricus) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores bird's-foot trefoilScientific name: Lotus azoricusAzorean reference: —
Habitat: Coastal cliffs, lava and maritime grassland.
No stable Portuguese vernacular is supplied by the cited visitor guide; this rare coastal endemic is recorded in Pico hotspots at Terra Alta and Calheta do Nesquim.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
William Stephens · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Vicia dennesiana (Vicia dennesiana) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Vicia dennesianaScientific name: Vicia dennesianaAzorean reference: —
An extinct, strictly Azores-endemic pea-family plant, retained here as part of the archipelago's documented botanical heritage.
Pico context: Not naturally present on Pico
2026 research assessment: EX — Extinct
M. S. del. ( = Matilda Smith , 1854-1926), J. N. Fitch lith. ( = John Nugent Fitch , 1840–1927) · Public domain

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Centaurium scilloides (Centaurium scilloides) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Centaurium scilloidesScientific name: Centaurium scilloidesAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic centaury included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: VU — Vulnerable
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Isoetes azorica (Isoetes azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Isoetes azoricaScientific name: Isoetes azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic quillwort included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Luzula purpureosplendens (Luzula purpureosplendens) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Luzula purpureosplendensScientific name: Luzula purpureosplendensAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic woodrush included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Platanthera azorica (Platanthera azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Platanthera azoricaScientific name: Platanthera azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic orchid included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
Bateman et al · CC BY 3.0

Illustration of a single Azores butterfly orchid (Platanthera micrantha) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores butterfly orchidScientific name: Platanthera micranthaAzorean reference: Orquídea-selvagem
Habitat: Bogs, wet heath, pasture margins and native forest openings.
A delicate orchid of wet heath and native upland vegetation.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Stuart Cable · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Platanthera pollostantha (Platanthera pollostantha) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Platanthera pollostanthaScientific name: Platanthera pollostanthaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic orchid included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: VU — Vulnerable
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Euphrasia azorica (Euphrasia azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Euphrasia azoricaScientific name: Euphrasia azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic eyebright included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Euphrasia grandiflora (Euphrasia grandiflora) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Euphrasia grandifloraScientific name: Euphrasia grandifloraAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic eyebright included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Hochstetter, Christian Ferdinand; Hochstetter, Karl Christian Friedrich; Seubert, Moritz · Public domain

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Veronica dabneyi (Veronica dabneyi) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Veronica dabneyiScientific name: Veronica dabneyiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic speedwell included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
Fcardigos · CC BY-SA 3.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Limonium diasii (Limonium diasii) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Limonium diasiiScientific name: Limonium diasiiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic leadwort-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Celestino Quintela Sabarís · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Agrostis congestiflora (Agrostis congestiflora) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Agrostis congestifloraScientific name: Agrostis congestifloraAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Herbarium of the University of Coimbra, Portugal (COI) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Agrostis gracililaxa (Agrostis gracililaxa) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Agrostis gracililaxaScientific name: Agrostis gracililaxaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
© Atlantic Heritage Unipessoal Lda

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Deschampsia foliosa (Deschampsia foliosa) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Deschampsia foliosaScientific name: Deschampsia foliosaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: NT — Near Threatened
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Festuca francoi (Festuca francoi) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Festuca francoiScientific name: Festuca francoiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: NT — Near Threatened
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Gaudinia coarctata (Gaudinia coarctata) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Gaudinia coarctataScientific name: Gaudinia coarctataAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Hansen A · CC0 1.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Holcus rigidus (Holcus rigidus) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Holcus rigidusScientific name: Holcus rigidusAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Rostraria azorica (Rostraria azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Rostraria azoricaScientific name: Rostraria azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: VU — Vulnerable
Hansen, A. · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean dock (Rumex azoricus) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean dockScientific name: Rumex azoricusAzorean reference: Labaça-das-ilhas
Habitat: Moist ground, ravines and forest openings.
A rare broad-leaved herb of damp island habitat.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Ljaž · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Grammitis azorica (Grammitis azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Grammitis azoricaScientific name: Grammitis azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic fern included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
Rui Elias · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Lysimachia azorica (Lysimachia azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Lysimachia azoricaScientific name: Lysimachia azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic primrose-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Myrsine retusa (Myrsine retusa) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Myrsine retusaScientific name: Myrsine retusaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic primrose-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Mihlali Madikane · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean buckthorn (Frangula azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean buckthornScientific name: Frangula azoricaAzorean reference: Sanguinho
Habitat: Humid native forest and ravines.
A rare laurel-forest tree whose Portuguese name refers to the reddish wood.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: VU — Vulnerable
Stuart Cable · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Rubus hochstetterorum (Rubus hochstetterorum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Rubus hochstetterorumScientific name: Rubus hochstetterorumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic rose-family plant; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Louis Imbeau · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Rubia agostinhoi (Rubia agostinhoi) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Rubia agostinhoiScientific name: Rubia agostinhoiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic madder-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Michael, Antoni and Nihat Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Arceuthobium azoricum (Arceuthobium azoricum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Arceuthobium azoricumScientific name: Arceuthobium azoricumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic dwarf mistletoe included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azorean greenbrier (Smilax azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean greenbrierScientific name: Smilax azoricaAzorean reference: —
Habitat: Native forest, scrub and sheltered ravines.
No stable Portuguese vernacular is supplied by the cited visitor guide; it is a climbing native of the laurel-forest understory.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
zebedeugalinha · CC BY 4.0

Endemic subspecies (18)

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Daucus carota subsp. azoricus (Daucus carota subsp. azoricus) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Daucus carota subsp. azoricusScientific name: Daucus carota subsp. azoricusAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic umbellifer; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Ixitixel · CC BY-SA 3.0

Illustration of a single Pico Mountain sea campion (Silene uniflora subsp. cratericola) for the Azores species directory — English name: Pico Mountain sea campionScientific name: Silene uniflora subsp. cratericolaAzorean reference: Bremim-da-montanha; abremim
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine volcanic ground.
A Pico-only mountain form growing around the summit crater near 2,200 metres.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
Codrin Bucur · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Juniperus brevifolia subsp. maritima (Juniperus brevifolia subsp. maritima) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Juniperus brevifolia subsp. maritimaScientific name: Juniperus brevifolia subsp. maritimaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic juniper included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Rafael Medina · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Juniperus brevifolia subsp. brevifolia (Juniperus brevifolia subsp. brevifolia) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Juniperus brevifolia subsp. brevifoliaScientific name: Juniperus brevifolia subsp. brevifoliaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic juniper included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Angrense · Public domain

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Carex demissa subsp. cedercreutzii (Carex demissa subsp. cedercreutzii) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Carex demissa subsp. cedercreutziiScientific name: Carex demissa subsp. cedercreutziiAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic sedge included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Carex pilulifera subsp. azorica (Carex pilulifera subsp. azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Carex pilulifera subsp. azoricaScientific name: Carex pilulifera subsp. azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic sedge included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Michael and Antoni Hinczewski · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Dryopteris intermedia subsp. azorica (Dryopteris intermedia subsp. azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Dryopteris intermedia subsp. azoricaScientific name: Dryopteris intermedia subsp. azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic wood fern included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Celestino Quintela Sabarís · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Corema album subsp. azoricum (Corema album subsp. azoricum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Corema album subsp. azoricumScientific name: Corema album subsp. azoricumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic heath-family plant included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Júlio Reis ( Tintazul ) · CC BY-SA 2.5

Illustration of a single Azorean tree spurge (Euphorbia stygiana subsp. stygiana) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean tree spurgeScientific name: Euphorbia stygiana subsp. stygianaAzorean reference: Trovisco-macho
Habitat: Humid native scrub and forest margins.
A striking shrub of Pico's central protected landscape.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Stuart Cable · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Euphorbia stygiana subsp. santamariae (Euphorbia stygiana subsp. santamariae) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Euphorbia stygiana subsp. santamariaeScientific name: Euphorbia stygiana subsp. santamariaeAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic spurge included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: CR — Critically Endangered
© Atlantic Heritage Unipessoal Lda

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Serapias cordigera subsp. azorica (Serapias cordigera subsp. azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Serapias cordigera subsp. azoricaScientific name: Serapias cordigera subsp. azoricaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic orchid included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Motohiro Sunouchi · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Armeria maritima subsp. azorica (Armeria maritima subsp. azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Armeria maritima subsp. azoricaScientific name: Armeria maritima subsp. azoricaAzorean reference: —
An extinct, strictly Azores-endemic leadwort-family plant, retained here as part of the archipelago's documented botanical heritage.
Pico context: Not naturally present on Pico
2026 research assessment: EX — Extinct
© Atlantic Heritage Unipessoal Lda

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Agrostis congestiflora subsp. congestiflora (Agrostis congestiflora subsp. congestiflora) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Agrostis congestiflora subsp. congestifloraScientific name: Agrostis congestiflora subsp. congestifloraAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Herbarium of the University of Coimbra, Portugal (COI) · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Agrostis congestiflora subsp. oreophila (Agrostis congestiflora subsp. oreophila) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Agrostis congestiflora subsp. oreophilaScientific name: Agrostis congestiflora subsp. oreophilaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
Warburg, E.F.; Tutin, T.G. · CC BY 4.0

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. gracililaxa (Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. gracililaxa) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. gracililaxaScientific name: Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. gracililaxaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
© Atlantic Heritage Unipessoal Lda

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. mutica (Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. mutica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. muticaScientific name: Agrostis gracililaxa subsp. muticaAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic grass; the 2026 assessment records it as Data Deficient because evidence or taxonomy remains unresolved.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: DD — Data Deficient
© Atlantic Heritage Unipessoal Lda

Illustration of a single Azores endemic — Polypodium macaronesicum subsp. azoricum (Polypodium macaronesicum subsp. azoricum) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azores endemic — Polypodium macaronesicum subsp. azoricumScientific name: Polypodium macaronesicum subsp. azoricumAzorean reference: —
A strictly Azores-endemic fern included in the complete 2026 archipelago assessment.
Pico context: Check the current Azorean Biodiversity Portal map before claiming a Pico sighting
2026 research assessment: LC — Least Concern
Frank Vassen from Brussels, Belgium · CC BY 2.0

Illustration of a single Azorean laurel cherry (Prunus lusitanica subsp. azorica) for the Azores species directory — English name: Azorean laurel cherryScientific name: Prunus lusitanica subsp. azoricaAzorean reference: Ginjeira; ginja-do-mato
Habitat: Humid laurel forest and sheltered slopes.
An increasingly scarce tree of the original island forest.
Pico context: Recorded on Pico
2026 research assessment: EN — Endangered
Ixitixel · CC BY-SA 3.0

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Sources and verification

Official and primary sources used for this article. Links checked 4 September 2026.